JSS 1 Intermediate Science Flashcards: Meaning, Causes, Effects and Prevention of Flooding

Question 1

What is flooding?

Accepted Answer

the overflow of water onto land that is normally dry

Question 2

Which natural event can cause flooding when water falls faster than the ground and drains can carry it away: heavy rainfall, bright sunshine, light breeze, or low humidity?

Accepted Answer

heavy rainfall

Question 3

Blocked urban drains cause flooding because they ____.

Accepted Answer

prevent runoff from flowing away

Question 4

Building houses across a natural water channel increases flood risk by ____.

Accepted Answer

obstructing the path of flowing water

Question 5

How can deforestation contribute to flooding?

Accepted Answer

It reduces interception and infiltration, increasing runoff.

Question 6

One major effect of flooding on farmland is ____.

Accepted Answer

destruction of crops

Question 7

Floodwater can cause disease outbreaks when it ____.

Accepted Answer

contaminates drinking-water sources

Question 8

What is a drainage system?

Accepted Answer

a network that collects and carries away excess water

Question 9

An open drainage system has channels that are ____.

Accepted Answer

exposed at the top

Question 10

A closed drainage system carries water mainly through ____.

Accepted Answer

covered channels or underground pipes

Question 11

The main reason for clearing refuse from drains before the rainy season is to ____.

Accepted Answer

allow water to flow freely

Question 12

Which action best reduces flooding around a school compound: clearing its gutters, dumping refuse in channels, paving every open space, or blocking culverts?

Accepted Answer

clearing its gutters

Question 13

Planting vegetation in a catchment can reduce flooding by increasing ____.

Accepted Answer

infiltration of water into the soil

Question 14

A dam helps to control flooding by ____.

Accepted Answer

storing some excess river water

Question 15

What is the safest response when floodwater is flowing rapidly across a road?

Accepted Answer

Avoid crossing and move to higher ground.

Question 16

Which is NOT a likely effect of flooding: loss of property, displacement of people, contamination of water, or improved road foundations?

Accepted Answer

improved road foundations

Question 17

Why should buildings not be constructed on floodplains?

Accepted Answer

Floodplains are naturally liable to overflow.

Question 18

The correct first step in planning local flood control is to ____.

Accepted Answer

identify where water comes from and where it flows

Question 19

How does a properly designed culvert reduce flooding?

Accepted Answer

It carries water beneath a road without blocking its flow.

Question 20

All of these can help prevent flooding except dumping waste in gutters, maintaining drains, protecting wetlands, and planting trees.

Accepted Answer

dumping waste in gutters

Strong work.

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