Computer Hardware and Software Fundamentals

Question 1

What are the physical, tangible components of a computer system that can be seen, touched, and handled called?

Accepted Answer

Computer Hardware

Question 2

Which term refers to the set of non-tangible instructions, programs, data, and protocols that direct the computer hardware to perform specific tasks?

Accepted Answer

Computer Software

Question 3

What is the primary difference between computer hardware and computer software?

Accepted Answer

Hardware is physical and tangible, while software is non-physical instructions.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of input hardware?

Accepted Answer

Keyboard

Question 5

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is a key example of which category of computer hardware?

Accepted Answer

Processing hardware

Question 6

Which device translates processed digital data from the computer into a form that humans can easily perceive, hear, or read?

Accepted Answer

Monitor

Question 7

Which type of storage hardware temporarily holds data and instructions currently being used by the CPU, losing its data when the computer is powered off?

Accepted Answer

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Question 8

Computer hardware is classified into how many functional categories based on their role in the information processing cycle?

Accepted Answer

Four

Question 9

What is the main circuit board of the computer that connects and allows communication between the CPU, memory, and all other hardware peripherals?

Accepted Answer

Motherboard

Question 10

What type of software is designed to run, control, and manage the computer's physical hardware components and provide a platform for application software?

Accepted Answer

System Software

Question 11

Programs designed to help users perform specific tasks, solve problems, or do work on the computer are known as what?

Accepted Answer

Application Software

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of an Operating System (OS)?

Accepted Answer

Windows

Question 13

Microsoft Excel is an example of which type of software?

Accepted Answer

Spreadsheet Software

Question 14

What describes the relationship between computer hardware and software?

Accepted Answer

Symbiotic; neither can function usefully without the other.

Question 15

When typing a document on a computer, what role does the Operating System (OS) play in the interaction between hardware and software?

Accepted Answer

The OS receives signals from the keyboard and passes them to the word processor.

Question 16

When taking a photo with a mobile phone, what hardware component is activated by the camera app (application software) via the OS (system software)?

Accepted Answer

Camera sensor

Question 17

How can you identify the primary system software (Operating System) on a computer during boot-up?

Accepted Answer

By observing the logo that appears on the boot-up screen.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of external hardware?

Accepted Answer

Keyboard

Question 19

In the process of printing a report, what is the role of the printer driver (system software)?

Accepted Answer

It translates the document into instructions the specific printer hardware can understand.

Question 20

What is the key difference between primary storage (like RAM) and secondary storage (like HDD/SSD) regarding data retention?

Accepted Answer

Primary storage is volatile (data lost on power off), while secondary storage is non-volatile (data retained).

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