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Quranic Recitation Suratul Tariq, Buruj and Inshiqaq
Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- recite Suratul Tariq, Buruj and Inshiqaq;
- memorise and write the Arabic text of Suratul Tariq, Buruj and Inshiqaq.
Memory Verse
بَلْ هُوَ قُرْآنٌ مَّجِيدٌ . فِي لَوْحٍ مَّحْفُوظٍ
Bal huwa Qur’anun Majeed. Fee Lawhin Mahfooz.
“Nay, this is a Glorious Qur’an. (Inscribed) in a Preserved Tablet.” (Surah Al-Buruj, 85:21-22)
Qur’an Reading
The principal Qur’anic passages supporting this lesson are:
- Surah Al-Buruj (Surah 85, Ayahs 1 to 22)
- Surah At-Tariq (Surah 86, Ayahs 1 to 17)
- Surah Al-Inshiqaq (Surah 84, Ayahs 1 to 25)
Introduction to the Three Suwar
The three chapters of the Glorious Qur’an studied in this unit are located in the thirtieth part (Juz’ ‘Amma) of the Qur’an. These chapters are Makkan Surahs, which means they were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) before the migration (Hijrah) to Madinah. They focus primarily on Islamic creed (Aqeedah), the power of Allah, the reality of the Day of Judgment, and the preservation of the Qur’an.
Surah At-Tariq is the eighty-sixth chapter of the Qur’an.
The name of the Surah means “The Nightcomer” or “The Morning Star”.
Surah Al-Buruj is the eighty-fifth chapter of the Qur’an.
The name of the Surah means “The Constellations” or “The Mansions of the Stars”.
Surah Al-Inshiqaq is the eighty-fourth chapter of the Qur’an.
The name of the Surah means “The Splitting Open” or “The Sundering”.
Recitation and Translation of Surah At-Tariq (Surah 86)
Surah At-Tariq contains seventeen verses. It begins with an oath by the heaven and the nightcomer to emphasize that every soul has a guardian angel recording its deeds. It also draws attention to the creation of man and the power of Allah to resurrect him on the Day of Judgment.
The Arabic text, transliteration, and English translation of Surah At-Tariq are presented in the table below:
| Ayah | Arabic Text | Transliteration | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ | Wassamaaa’i wattaariq | By the heaven and the nightcomer. |
| 2 | وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الطَّارِقُ | Wamaaa adraaka mattaariq | And what will make you know what the nightcomer is? |
| 3 | النَّجْمُ الثَّاقِبُ | An-najmuth-thaaqib | It is the star of piercing brightness. |
| 4 | إِن كُلُّ نَفْسٍ لَّمَّا عَلَيْهَا حَافِظٌ | In kullu nafsil lammaa ‘alayhaa haafiz | There is no human soul but has a protector over it. |
| 5 | فَلْيَنظُرِ الْإِنسَانُ مِمَّ خُلِقَ | Falyanzuril-insaanu mimma khuliq | So let man observe from what he was created. |
| 6 | خُلِقَ مِن مَّاءٍ دَافِقٍ | Khuliqa mim maaa’in daafiq | He was created from a fluid, ejected. |
| 7 | يَخْرُجُ مِن بَيْنِ الصُّلْبِ وَالتَّرَائِبِ | Yakhruju mim baynis-sulbi wat-taraaa’ib | Emerging from between the backbone and the ribs. |
| 8 | إِنَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَجْعِهِ لَقَادِرٌ | Innahoo ‘alaa raj’ihee laqaadir | Indeed, Allah is Able to return him to life. |
| 9 | يَوْمَ تُبْلَى السَّرَائِرُ | Yawma tublas-saraaa’ir | The Day when secrets will be put to trial. |
| 10 | فَمَا لَهُ مِن قُوَّةٍ وَلَا نَاصِرٍ | Famaa lehoo min quwwatin wa laa naasir | Then man will have no power or any helper. |
| 11 | وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الرَّجْعِ | Wassamaaa’i zaatir-raj’ | By the sky which sends down rain. |
| 12 | وَالْأَرْضِ ذَاتِ الصَّدْعِ | Wal-ardi zaatis-sad’ | And by the earth which splits open with growth. |
| 13 | إِنَّهُ لَقَوْلٌ فَصْلٌ | Innahoo laqawlun fasl | Indeed, the Qur’an is a decisive word. |
| 14 | وَمَا هُوَ بِالْهَزْلِ | Wamaa huwa bil-hazl | And it is not a thing for amusement. |
| 15 | إِنَّهُمْ يَكِيدُونَ كَيْدًا | Innahum yakeedoona kayda | Indeed, they are plotting a plot. |
| 16 | وَأَكِيدُ كَيْدًا | Wa akeedu kayda | And I am planning a plan. |
| 17 | فَمَهِّلِ الْكَافِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْدًا | Famahhilil-kaafireena amhilhum ruwayda | So allow time for the disbelievers; leave them for a while. |
Recitation and Translation of Surah Al-Buruj (Surah 85)
Surah Al-Buruj contains twenty-two verses. It tells the historical story of the “People of the Trench” (Ashabul-Ukhdood), who were persecuted and thrown into a ditch of fire by a tyrannical king because they refused to renounce their faith in Allah. The Surah consoles the believers and warns persecutors of severe punishment in the Hereafter.
The Arabic text, transliteration, and English translation of Surah Al-Buruj are presented in the table below:
| Ayah | Arabic Text | Transliteration | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الْبُرُوجِ | Wassamaaa’i zaatil-burooj | By the sky containing great constellations. |
| 2 | وَالْيَوْمِ الْمَوْعُودِ | Wal-yawmil-maw’ood | And by the Promised Day. |
| 3 | وَشَاهِدٍ وَمَشْهُودٍ | Wa shaahidinw-wa mashhood | And by the witness and what is witnessed. |
| 4 | قُتِلَ أَصْحَابُ الْأُخْدُودِ | Qutila as-haabul-ukhdood | Cursed were the companions of the trench. |
| 5 | النَّارِ ذَاتِ الْوَقُودِ | An-naari zaatil-waqood | Of the fire full of fuel. |
| 6 | إِذْ هُمْ عَلَيْهَا قُعُودٌ | Iz hum ‘alayhaa qu’ood | When they sat by it. |
| 7 | وَهُمْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَفْعَلُونَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ شُهُودٌ | Wahum ‘alaa maa yaf’aloona bil-mu’mineena shuhood | And they were witnesses to what they were doing against the believers. |
| 8 | وَمَا نَقَمُوا مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَن يُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ | Wamaa naqamoo minhum illaaa any-yu’minoo billaahil-‘Azeezil-Hameed | And they resented them not except because they believed in Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Praiseworthy. |
| 9 | الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ | Allazee lahoo mulkus-samaawaati wal-ard; wallaahu ‘alaa kulli shay’in Shaheed | To Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. And Allah is Witness over all things. |
| 10 | إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَتَنُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا فَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ جَهَنَّمَ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ الْحَرِيقِ | Innal-lazeena fatanul-mu’mineena wal-mu’minaati thumma lam yatooboo falahum ‘azaabu Jahannama wa lahum ‘azaabul-hareeq | Indeed, those who have tortured the believing men and believing women and then have not repented will have the punishment of Hell, and they will have the punishment of the Burning Fire. |
| 11 | إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ | Innal-lazeena aamanoo wa ‘amilus-saalihaati lahum Jannaatun tajree min tahtihal-anhaar; zaalikal-fawzul-kabeer | Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous deeds will have gardens beneath which rivers flow. That is the great attainment. |
| 12 | إِنَّ بَطْشَ رَبِّكَ لَشَدِيدٌ | Inna batsha Rabbika lashadeed | Indeed, the grip of your Lord is strong. |
| 13 | إِنَّهُ هُوَ يُبْدِئُ وَيُعِيدُ | Innahoo Huwa yubdi’u wa yu’eed | Indeed, it is He who originates creation and repeats it. |
| 14 | وَهُوَ الْغَفُورُ الْوَدُودُ | Wa Huwal-Ghafoorul-Wadood | And He is the Forgiving, the Loving. |
| 15 | ذُو الْعَرْشِ الْمَجِيدُ | Zul-‘Arshil-Majeed | Honorable Owner of the Throne. |
| 16 | فَعَّالٌ لِّمَا يُرِيدُ | Fa”aalul-limaa yureed | Effecter of what He intends. |
| 17 | هَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ الْجُنُودِ | Hal ataaka hadeethul-junood | Has there reached you the story of the soldiers? |
| 18 | فِرْعَوْنَ وَثَمُودَ | Fir’awna wa Thamood | Of Pharaoh and Thamud? |
| 19 | بَلِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فِي تَكْذِيبٍ | Balil-lazeena kafaroo fee takzeeb | But they who disbelieve are in persistent denial. |
| 20 | وَاللَّهُ مِن وَرَائِهِم مُّحِيطٌ | Wallaahu minw-waraaa’ihim muheet | While Allah encompasses them from behind. |
| 21 | بَلْ هُوَ قُرْآنٌ مَّجِيدٌ | Bal huwa Qur’anun Majeed | Nay, this is a Glorious Qur’an. |
| 22 | فِي لَوْحٍ مَّحْفُوظٍ | Fee Lawhin Mahfooz | Inscribed in a Preserved Tablet. |
Recitation and Translation of Surah Al-Inshiqaq (Surah 84)
Surah Al-Inshiqaq contains twenty-five verses. It describes the physical events of the Day of Resurrection, such as the splitting open of the sky and the flattening of the earth. It explains that humans will be divided into two groups: those who receive their record of deeds in their right hand and will have an easy judgment, and those who receive their record behind their back and will face destruction.
The Arabic text, transliteration, and English translation of Surah Al-Inshiqaq are presented in the table below:
| Ayah | Arabic Text | Transliteration | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انشَقَّتْ | Izas-samaaa’un-shaqqat | When the sky has split open. |
| 2 | وَأَذِنَتْ لِرَبِّهَا وَحُقَّتْ | Wa azinat li-Rabbihaa wa huqqat | And has responded to its Lord and was obligated to do so. |
| 3 | وَإِذَا الْأَرْضُ مُدَّتْ | Wa izal-ardu muddat | And when the earth has been stretched. |
| 4 | وَأَلْقَتْ مَا فِيهَا وَتَخَلَّتْ | Wa alqat maa feehaa wa takhallat | And has cast out what was within it and became empty. |
| 5 | وَأَذِنَتْ لِرَبِّهَا وَحُقَّتْ | Wa azinat li-Rabbihaa wa huqqat | And has responded to its Lord and was obligated to do so. |
| 6 | يَا أَيُّهَا الْإِنسَانُ إِنَّكَ كَادِحٌ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ كَدْحًا فَمُلَاقِيهِ | Yaaa ayyuhal-insaanu innaka kaadihun ilaa Rabbika kadhan famulaaqeeh | O mankind, indeed you are laboring toward your Lord with exertion and will meet Him. |
| 7 | فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ | Fa-ammaa man ootiya kitaabahoo biyameenih | Then as for he who is given his record in his right hand. |
| 8 | فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا | Fasawfa yuhaasabu hisaabany-yaseera | He will be judged with an easy account. |
| 9 | وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا | Wa yanqalibu ilaaa ahlihee masroora | And return to his people in joy. |
| 10 | وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ | Wa ammaa man ootiya kitaabahoo waraaa’a zahrih | But as for he who is given his record behind his back. |
| 11 | فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُو ثُبُورًا | Fasawfa yad’oo thuboora | He will cry out for destruction. |
| 12 | وَيَصْلَىٰ سَعِيرًا | Wa yaslaa sa’eera | And enter to burn in a Blaze. |
| 13 | إِنَّهُ كَانَ فِي أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا | Innahoo kaana feee ahlihee masroora | Indeed, he had once been among his people in joy. |
| 14 | إِنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَن لَّن يَحُورَ | Innahoo zanna al-lany-yahoor | Indeed, he had thought he would never return to Allah. |
| 15 | بَلَىٰ إِنَّ رَبَّهُ كَانَ بِهِ بَصِيرًا | Balaa inna Rabbahoo kaana bihee Baseera | But yes! Indeed, his Lord was ever of him, Seeing. |
| 16 | فَلَا أُقْسِمُ بِالشَّفَقِ | Falaaa uqsimu bish-shafaq | So I swear by the twilight glow. |
| 17 | وَاللَّيْلِ وَمَا وَسَقَ | Wallayli wa maa wasaq | And by the night and what it envelops. |
| 18 | وَالْقَمَرِ إِذَا اتَّسَقَ | Walqamari izat-tasaq | And by the moon when it becomes full. |
| 19 | لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَن طَبَقٍ | Latarkabunna tabaqan ‘an tabaq | That you will surely embark upon state after state. |
| 20 | فَمَا لَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ | Famaa lahum laa yu’minoon | So what is the matter with them that they do not believe? |
| 21 | وَإِذَا قُرِئَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقُرْآنُ لَا يَسْجُدُونَ ۩ | Wa izaa quri’a ‘alayhimul-Qur’aanu laa yasjudoon | And when the Qur’an is recited to them, they do not prostrate? |
| 22 | بَلِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُكَذِّبُونَ | Balil-lazeena kafaroo yukazziboon | But those who have disbelieved deny it. |
| 23 | وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يُوعُونَ | Wallaahu a’lamu bimaa yoo’oon | And Allah is most knowing of what they keep within themselves. |
| 24 | فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ | Fabashshirhum bi’azaabin aleem | So give them tidings of a painful punishment. |
| 25 | إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ | Illal-lazeena aamanoo wa ‘amilus-saalihaati lahum ajrun ghayru mamnoon | Except for those who believe and do righteous deeds. For them is a reward uninterrupted. |
Tajwid Rules for Correct Recitation
Tajwid refers to the rules governing the pronunciation of Quranic letters during recitation.
To recite these three chapters correctly, learners must apply the following basic Tajwid rules:
- Qalqalah (Echoing Sound): This rule applies when any of the five letters of Qalqalah (ق, ط, ب, ج, د) has a sukoon (resting sign) or when the reciter stops on them at the end of a verse. Examples include wat-taariq (ق) in Surah At-Tariq, and al-burooj (ج) and al-ukhdood (د) in Surah Al-Buruj.
- Ghunnah (Nasalisation): This is a nasal sound produced for the duration of two counts. It must be applied to any Noon Mushaddadah (نّ) or Meem Mushaddadah (مّ). Examples include Inna (إِنَّ) and thumma (ثُمَّ) in Surah Al-Buruj.
- Madd (Prolongation): This rule requires the lengthening of vowel sounds. In these chapters, Madd is particularly prominent in words containing the sky, such as was-samaaa’i (وَالسَّمَاءِ) in Surah At-Tariq and Surah Al-Buruj, and izas-samaaa’un-shaqqat (إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انشَقَّتْ) in Surah Al-Inshiqaq.
How to Memorise and Write the Suwar
Memorising and writing the chapters of the Qur’an requires systematic practice and dedication. Writing the verses helps to solidify the memory of the Arabic text.
The procedure for memorising and writing these Suwar involves the following steps:
- Listen attentively to a correct recitation of the Surah by a qualified teacher or a recorded Qari to ensure correct pronunciation.
- Recite the first verse repeatedly (at least five to ten times) until it can be recited without looking at the text.
- Move to the second verse and repeat it in the same manner.
- Combine the first and second verses, reciting them together from memory.
- Write out the memorised verses in Arabic script on a slate or in a notebook, paying close attention to the spelling and vowel marks (Tashkeel).
- Compare the written text with the Qur’an to identify and correct any spelling or writing errors.
- Recite the memorised portions during daily prayers (Salah) to retain them in memory.
Summary of Lessons from the Suwar
The three chapters contain important moral and spiritual lessons for daily life:
- Allah is the Creator of all things and has full power to bring the dead back to life.
- Angels are constantly recording human deeds, which teaches the importance of maintaining good character and avoiding bad actions.
- Believers must remain patient and steadfast when facing difficulties, just as the companions of the trench remained firm in their faith.
- Every individual will be held accountable for their deeds on the Day of Judgment, and the righteous will receive an easy judgment and a great reward.
Review Questions
The following questions help to assess the understanding of the lesson:
- What is the meaning of the word “At-Tariq”?
- Identify the main story told in Surah Al-Buruj.
- According to Surah Al-Inshiqaq, how will the righteous people receive their record of deeds?
- List the five letters of Qalqalah.
- Explain two practical steps that help in memorising and writing the Arabic text of the Qur’an.
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