Ìṣẹ̀dá gbólóhùn kékèké (abọ́dé) for Primary 4

Ìṣẹ̀dá gbólóhùn kékèké (abọ́dé)

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. ki oríkì gbólóhùn kékèké;
2. sọ ìhun gbólóhùn kékèké;
3. fi oríṣiríṣi àpẹẹrẹ gbólóhùn kékèké hàn.

Kí Ni Gbólóhùn? (What Is a Sentence?)

Nínú èdè Yorùbá, gbólóhùn ni àpapọ̀ ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó ní ìtumọ̀ kíkún. Gbólóhùn máa ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú lẹ́tà ńlá, ó sì máa ń parí pẹ̀lú àmì ìdánudúró (full stop), àmì ìbéèrè (question mark) tàbí àmì ìyanu (exclamation mark).

In Yoruba language, a sentence is a group of words that has a complete meaning. A sentence usually starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, a question mark, or an exclamation mark.

Oríkì Gbólóhùn Kékèké (Meaning of Simple Sentences)

Gbólóhùn kékèké ni gbólóhùn tí ó ní èrò kan ṣoṣo. Ó ní olùwà kan àti àìsì kan. Kò ní àwọn gbólóhùn kékeré mìíràn nínú.

A simple sentence is a sentence that expresses only one idea. It has one subject and one verb. It does not contain other smaller clauses.

Nínú ẹ̀kọ́ yìí, a óò kọ́ nípa gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé. Gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé ni gbólóhùn tí ó jẹ́rìí sí ohun kan, tí kò sì jẹ́ ìbéèrè tàbí ìkìlọ̀.

In this lesson, we will learn about affirmative simple sentences. An affirmative simple sentence is a sentence that confirms something, and it is not a question or a command.

Ìhun Gbólóhùn Kékèké (Structure of Simple Sentences)

Gbólóhùn kékèké ní àwọn apá pàtàkì méjì tàbí mẹ́ta. Àwọn apá wọ̀nyí ni:

A simple sentence has two or three main parts. These parts are:

1. Olùwà (Subject): Èyí ni ẹni tàbí ohun tí ó ń ṣe iṣẹ́ nínú gbólóhùn. (This is the person or thing doing the action in the sentence.)
2. Àìsì (Verb): Èyí ni iṣẹ́ tàbí ìgbésẹ̀ tí olùwà ń ṣe. (This is the action or activity that the subject is doing.)
3. Àbò (Object): Èyí ni ẹni tàbí ohun tí iṣẹ́ náà ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lé lórí. Kì í ṣe gbogbo gbólóhùn kékèké ló ní àbò. (This is the person or thing that the action is done to. Not all simple sentences have an object.)

Àwọn ìhun gbólóhùn kékèké tí ó wọ́pọ̀ ni:

Common structures of simple sentences are:

1. Olùwà + Àìsì (Subject + Verb)
2. Olùwà + Àìsì + Àbò (Subject + Verb + Object)

Àpẹẹrẹ Ìhun Gbólóhùn Kékèké (Examples of Simple Sentence Structures)

Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ìhun gbólóhùn kékèké ni:

1. Olùwà + Àìsì (Subject + Verb)

   Nínú ìhun yìí, gbólóhùn náà ní olùwà àti àìsì nìkan. Kò ní àbò.

   In this structure, the sentence has only a subject and a verb. It does not have an object.

   1. Ọmọ ń sùn. (The child is sleeping.)
      1. Olùwà: Ọmọ (Child)
      2. Àìsì: ń sùn (is sleeping)
   2. Adé ń rìn. (Ade is walking.)
      1. Olùwà: Adé (Ade)
      2. Àìsì: ń rìn (is walking)
   3. Àwọn ẹyẹ ń fò. (The birds are flying.)
      1. Olùwà: Àwọn ẹyẹ (The birds)
      2. Àìsì: ń fò (are flying)

2. Olùwà + Àìsì + Àbò (Subject + Verb + Object)

   Nínú ìhun yìí, gbólóhùn náà ní olùwà, àìsì àti àbò.

   In this structure, the sentence has a subject, a verb, and an object.

   1. Bísí ń jẹ ìrẹsì. (Bisi is eating rice.)
      1. Olùwà: Bísí (Bisi)
      2. Àìsì: ń jẹ (is eating)
      3. Àbò: ìrẹsì (rice)
   2. Bàbá ń ka ìwé. (Father is reading a book.)
      1. Olùwà: Bàbá (Father)
      2. Àìsì: ń ka (is reading)
      3. Àbò: ìwé (book)
   3. Àwọn ọmọ ń gbé àga. (The children are lifting a chair.)
      1. Olùwà: Àwọn ọmọ (The children)
      2. Àìsì: ń gbé (are lifting)
      3. Àbò: àga (chair)

Àpẹẹrẹ Oríṣiríṣi Gbólóhùn Kékèké Abọ́dé (Various Examples of Affirmative Simple Sentences)

Àwọn àpẹẹrẹ gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé mìíràn ni:

Other examples of affirmative simple sentences include:

1. Olú ń kọrin. (Olu is singing.)
2. Ìyá mi ń se oúnjẹ. (My mother is cooking food.)
3. Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ń kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́. (The students are learning.)
4. Ajá ń sáré. (The dog is running.)
5. Àwa ń lọ sí ilé-ìwé. (We are going to school.)
6. Òjò ń rọ̀. (It is raining.)
7. Ọkùnrin náà ń rẹ́rìn-ín. (The man is laughing.)
8. Àwọn obìnrin ń ta ọjà. (The women are selling goods.)
9. Mo fẹ́ omi. (I want water.)
10. Wọ́n ń gbọ́ orin. (They are listening to music.)

Dídá Gbólóhùn Kékèké Abọ́dé Mọ̀ (Identifying Affirmative Simple Sentences)

Láti dá gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé mọ̀, rí i dájú pé ó ní èrò kan ṣoṣo, ó ní olùwà kan àti àìsì kan, kò sì jẹ́ ìbéèrè tàbí gbólóhùn àṣẹ.

To identify an affirmative simple sentence, ensure it expresses only one idea, has one subject and one verb, and is not a question or a command.

Ka àwọn gbólóhùn wọ̀nyí, lẹ́yìn náà, sọ èwo nínú wọn ni gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé:

Read the following sentences, then state which ones are affirmative simple sentences:

1. Ṣé o ti jẹun? (Have you eaten?)
2. Adé ń jẹun. (Ade is eating.)
3. Má lọ síbẹ̀! (Don’t go there!)
4. Ọmọdé náà ń kọ́ ìwé. (The child is writing.)
5. Bísí àti Ọlá ń lọ sí ọjà. (Bisi and Ola are going to the market.)
6. Àwọn ọmọdé ń ṣeré nínú ọgbà. (The children are playing in the garden.)
7. Kí ni orúkọ rẹ? (What is your name?)
8. Òun ń sùn. (He/She is sleeping.)

Àwọn gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé nínú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ tí ó wà lókè ni:

The affirmative simple sentences in the examples above are:

1. Adé ń jẹun.
2. Ọmọdé náà ń kọ́ ìwé.
3. Àwọn ọmọdé ń ṣeré nínú ọgbà.
4. Òun ń sùn.

Kíkọ Gbólóhùn Kékèké Abọ́dé (Writing Affirmative Simple Sentences)

Láti kọ gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé, rí i dájú pé o bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú olùwà, lẹ́yìn náà àìsì, àti àbò tí ó bá yẹ. Rántí láti fi àmì ìdánudúró sí ìparí gbólóhùn rẹ.

To write an affirmative simple sentence, ensure you start with a subject, then a verb, and an object if appropriate. Remember to put a full stop at the end of your sentence.

Kọ àwọn gbólóhùn kékèké abọ́dé márùn-ún tirẹ:

Write five of your own affirmative simple sentences:

1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________