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Lessons Primary 1 Yoruba Language Èdè: Ìwé-kíkà àti Kíkọ

Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì Èdè Yorùbá àti Ìró Àwọn Lẹ́tà for Primary 1

Young learners study alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè yorùbá àti ìró àwọn lẹ́tà through ìmọ. Clear explanations and age-appropriate practice help them understand the main ideas and use the learning confidently in everyday situations.

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Class Primary 1
Subject Yoruba Language
Theme Èdè: Ìwé-kíkà àti Kíkọ
Topic Alífábẹ́ẹt̀ì èdè Yorùbá
Curriculum September 2025
Sequence 6
Learning outcome

́ Ṣe ìdámọàwọn álíf ábẹ́ẹt̀ì èdè Yorùbá

Focal competence

Níníòye álífa ́bẹt́ì èdè Yorùbá, àti siṣ́ eìdám̀ọ̀rẹ̀nínú iṣ̀ e oj oojúmọ

ARTICLE CONTENTSOn this page 7 sections

Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì Èdè Yorùbá

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

  1. ṣe ìdámọ̀ àwọn alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá;
  2. pe àwọn ìró álífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá;
  3. ṣe ìtọ́kasí ọ̀nà méjèèjì tí a pín álífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá.

Kí Ni Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì Èdè Yorùbá? (What is the Yoruba Alphabet?)

Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá ni gbogbo àwọn lẹ́tà tí a fi ń kọ èdè Yorùbá. Àwọn lẹ́tà wọ̀nyí ni a máa ń lò láti fi kọ ọ̀rọ̀ àti gbólóhùn ní èdè Yorùbá.

The Yoruba alphabet consists of all the letters used to write the Yoruba language. These letters are used to form words and sentences in Yoruba.

Àwọn Lẹ́tà Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì Èdè Yorùbá (The Yoruba Alphabet Letters)

Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá ní lẹ́tà mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n (25). Àwọn lẹ́tà wọ̀nyí ni:

The Yoruba alphabet has twenty-five (25) letters. These letters are:

  1. A
  2. B
  3. D
  4. E
  5. Ẹ
  6. F
  7. G
  8. GB
  9. H
  10. I
  11. J
  12. K
  13. L
  14. M
  15. N
  16. O
  17. Ọ
  18. P
  19. R
  20. S
  21. Ṣ
  22. T
  23. U
  24. W
  25. Y

Pípe Àwọn Ìró Lẹ́tà Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì Èdè Yorùbá (Pronouncing the Sounds of Yoruba Alphabet Letters)

Gbogbo lẹ́tà alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá ní ìró tirẹ̀. Ó ṣe pàtàkì láti mọ bí a ṣe ń pe ìró lẹ́tà kọ̀ọ̀kan.

Every letter in the Yoruba alphabet has its own sound. It is important to know how to pronounce the sound of each letter.

Àwọn ìró lẹ́tà alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá ni:

The sounds of the Yoruba alphabet letters are:

  1. A – bí ‘a’ nínú ‘àga’ (like ‘a’ in ‘father’)
  2. B – bí ‘b’ nínú ‘bàtà’ (like ‘b’ in ‘ball’)
  3. D – bí ‘d’ nínú ‘òkúta’ (like ‘d’ in ‘dog’)
  4. E – bí ‘e’ nínú ‘ẹran’ (like ‘e’ in ‘bed’)
  5. Ẹ – bí ‘e’ nínú ‘ẹja’ (like ‘e’ in ‘bet’)
  6. F – bí ‘f’ nínú ‘fìtílà’ (like ‘f’ in ‘fan’)
  7. G – bí ‘g’ nínú ‘ògì’ (like ‘g’ in ‘go’)
  8. GB – bí ‘gb’ nínú ‘gbàjámọ̀’ (a unique sound, like ‘gb’ in ‘bagba’)
  9. H – bí ‘h’ nínú ‘ìhà’ (like ‘h’ in ‘hat’)
  10. I – bí ‘i’ nínú ‘ìwé’ (like ‘ee’ in ‘see’)
  11. J – bí ‘j’ nínú ‘òjò’ (like ‘j’ in ‘jump’)
  12. K – bí ‘k’ nínú ‘kúkú’ (like ‘k’ in ‘kite’)
  13. L – bí ‘l’ nínú ‘ilẹ̀’ (like ‘l’ in ‘leg’)
  14. M – bí ‘m’ nínú ‘omi’ (like ‘m’ in ‘man’)
  15. N – bí ‘n’ nínú ‘ọ̀nà’ (like ‘n’ in ‘nose’)
  16. O – bí ‘o’ nínú ‘òkò’ (like ‘o’ in ‘go’)
  17. Ọ – bí ‘o’ nínú ‘ọ̀rọ̀’ (like ‘o’ in ‘pot’)
  18. P – bí ‘p’ nínú ‘òpìtàn’ (like ‘p’ in ‘stop’)
  19. R – bí ‘r’ nínú ‘òrùka’ (like ‘r’ in ‘run’)
  20. S – bí ‘s’ nínú ‘sìgá’ (like ‘s’ in ‘sit’)
  21. Ṣ – bí ‘sh’ nínú ‘ṣòkòtò’ (like ‘sh’ in ‘shoe’)
  22. T – bí ‘t’ nínú ‘òtítọ́’ (like ‘t’ in ‘top’)
  23. U – bí ‘u’ nínú ‘òkùn’ (like ‘oo’ in ‘moon’)
  24. W – bí ‘w’ nínú ‘òwú’ (like ‘w’ in ‘water’)
  25. Y – bí ‘y’ nínú ‘iyán’ (like ‘y’ in ‘yes’)

Bí A Ṣe Pín Alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì Èdè Yorùbá (How the Yoruba Alphabet is Divided)

A pín àwọn lẹ́tà alífábẹ́ẹ̀tì èdè Yorùbá sí ọ̀nà méjì. Àwọn ọ̀nà méjèèjì wọ̀nyí ni:

The letters of the Yoruba alphabet are divided into two groups. These two groups are:

  1. Fáwẹ̀lì (Vowels)
  2. Kọ́nsónáǹtì (Consonants)

Fáwẹ̀lì (Vowels)

Fáwẹ̀lì ni àwọn lẹ́tà tí a lè pe ìró wọn láìsí ìdíwọ́ kankan láti ẹnu tàbí ọ̀fun. Wọ́n jẹ́ àwọn ìró tí afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń kọjá láìsí ìdènà.

Vowels are letters whose sounds can be pronounced without any obstruction from the mouth or throat. They are sounds where air flows out freely without blockage.

Àwọn fáwẹ̀lì èdè Yorùbá jẹ́ méje (7). Wọ́n ni:

There are seven (7) Yoruba vowels. They are:

  1. A
  2. E
  3. Ẹ
  4. I
  5. O
  6. Ọ
  7. U

Àwọn ìró fáwẹ̀lì wọ̀nyí ni:

The sounds of these vowels are:

  1. A – bí ‘a’ nínú ‘àga’
  2. E – bí ‘e’ nínú ‘ẹran’
  3. Ẹ – bí ‘e’ nínú ‘ẹja’
  4. I – bí ‘i’ nínú ‘ìwé’
  5. O – bí ‘o’ nínú ‘òkò’
  6. Ọ – bí ‘o’ nínú ‘ọ̀rọ̀’
  7. U – bí ‘u’ nínú ‘òkùn’

Kọ́nsónáǹtì (Consonants)

Kọ́nsónáǹtì ni àwọn lẹ́tà tí a máa ń pe ìró wọn pẹ̀lú ìdíwọ́ díẹ̀ láti ẹnu, ètè, eyín tàbí ahọ́n. Afẹ́fẹ́ kì í kọjá láìsí ìdènà bíi ti fáwẹ̀lì.

Consonants are letters whose sounds are pronounced with some obstruction from the mouth, lips, teeth, or tongue. Air does not flow out freely like with vowels.

Àwọn kọ́nsónáǹtì èdè Yorùbá jẹ́ méjìdínlógún (18). Wọ́n ni:

There are eighteen (18) Yoruba consonants. They are:

  1. B
  2. D
  3. F
  4. G
  5. GB
  6. H
  7. J
  8. K
  9. L
  10. M
  11. N
  12. P
  13. R
  14. S
  15. Ṣ
  16. T
  17. W
  18. Y

Àwọn ìró kọ́nsónáǹtì wọ̀nyí ni:

The sounds of these consonants are:

  1. B – bí ‘b’ nínú ‘bàtà’
  2. D – bí ‘d’ nínú ‘òkúta’
  3. F – bí ‘f’ nínú ‘fìtílà’
  4. G – bí ‘g’ nínú ‘ògì’
  5. GB – bí ‘gb’ nínú ‘gbàjámọ̀’
  6. H – bí ‘h’ nínú ‘ìhà’
  7. J – bí ‘j’ nínú ‘òjò’
  8. K – bí ‘k’ nínú ‘kúkú’
  9. L – bí ‘l’ nínú ‘ilẹ̀’
  10. M – bí ‘m’ nínú ‘omi’
  11. N – bí ‘n’ nínú ‘ọ̀nà’
  12. P – bí ‘p’ nínú ‘òpìtàn’
  13. R – bí ‘r’ nínú ‘òrùka’
  14. S – bí ‘s’ nínú ‘sìgá’
  15. Ṣ – bí ‘sh’ nínú ‘ṣòkòtò’
  16. T
  17. W – bí ‘w’ nínú ‘òwú’
  18. Y – bí ‘y’ nínú ‘iyán’

Ìdámọ̀ Fáwẹ̀lì àti Kọ́nsónáǹtì (Identifying Vowels and Consonants)

Ó ṣe pàtàkì láti lè dá fáwẹ̀lì mọ̀ yàtọ̀ sí kọ́nsónáǹtì. Ìdámọ̀ yìí yóò ràn án lọ́wọ́ láti kọ àti láti ka èdè Yorùbá dáadáa.

It is important to be able to identify vowels separately from consonants. This identification will help in writing and reading Yoruba well.

Láti ṣe ìdámọ̀ àwọn lẹ́tà wọ̀nyí, o lè ṣe àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ wọ̀nyí:

To identify these letters, you can follow these steps:

  1. Wo lẹ́tà kọ̀ọ̀kan dáadáa.
  2. Rántí pé fáwẹ̀lì jẹ́ A, E, Ẹ, I, O, Ọ, U.
  3. Gbogbo lẹ́tà yòókù tí kò sí nínú àwọn fáwẹ̀lì wọ̀nyí ni kọ́nsónáǹtì.
  4. Pe ìró lẹ́tà náà. Tí afẹ́fẹ́ bá kọjá láìsí ìdíwọ́, fáwẹ̀lì ni. Tí ìdíwọ́ bá wà, kọ́nsónáǹtì ni.
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